Informal vs. Formal Writing
The writing in text messages and scholarly articles is different. There’s no denying it.
Several features in each make them drastically different, such as the content. But one of the main differences is the tone of the writing.
In simple terms, tone refers to the attitude of writing. Some examples of tone are optimistic, sincere, and regretful. There are many more, but two of the most important – in my opinion – are informal and formal.
Formal Writing
Think of formal writing as the serious one; the tone you use with people you aren’t close to, your seniors and people whom you want to show respect to, such as your boss, a professor, or a potential employer. This is also the tone you use in academic writing.
This style of writing requires properly formulated sentences with no slang or colloquialisms. Instead, it calls for more elevated language. This doesn’t mean using words you don’t know the definition of, but rather choosing more specific and complex words.
For instance, if I were writing an email to my boss apologizing for something, I wouldn’t write “Sorry.” I would write, “My apologies.”
Or if I was writing a research paper about discrimination, I wouldn't write, "Marginalized communities have historically put up with discrimination." Instead, I would write, "Marginalized communities have historically endured discrimination."
Writing formally also requires proper grammar. Although this might be a no-brainer, some forget to double-check their writing before sending or submitting it. As tempting as this is, our writing greatly influences others’ impressions of us, especially when we’ve never met. So, use punctuation marks where needed and avoid spelling mistakes.
Formal writing is impersonal. So first-person pronouns (I, we, us) are a no-go. It’s best to use third-person pronouns (they). You should also avoid emotional language. Instead, try to be as objective as possible.
On a smaller scale, but just as important, avoid using contractions when writing formally. Instead of “can’t” or “they’re,” write “cannot” and “they are.”
Informal Writing
Think of informal writing as the more relaxed one; the one you use with people you know and are more comfortable with, such as your family and friends. This type of writing might come easier to most as it resembles the way we speak more closely.
When writing informally, you can use slang and colloquialisms. Throw a “y’all” in there if your heart desires. Also, there’s no need for using complex words.
Unlike informal writing, this style is more personal, so it allows you to express your feelings. Don’t be afraid to express your anger, sadness, or happiness. You can also use first- or second-person (you) pronouns.
This style also allows you to use contractions and abbreviations. Also, you can avoid some grammar rules. For example, using “who” instead of “whom” even when the latter is needed. At the end of the day, you are sending this to someone you’re comfortable with. They won’t judge you… right?
Hopefully, this helps you better address and reach your audiences more effectively.
Remember, mastering this takes practice, so don’t stress out if you still don’t have this down perfectly. If you need more help, don’t hesitate to come visit us at the Writing Center.